As Ibarra is riding a kalesa, he observes that many things around the town had not changed, even after all these years. He passes a few Talisay trees that he remembers from the past, and the street vendors by the streets.

He passes the carriage of Padre Damaso, who doesn't seem to have noticed him.

Ibarra also passes by the sea, and it is then he recalls that across the vast sea is Europe, whose countries never stop growing and developing.

Analysis:
This chapter represents the Philippines, who in the long period of Spanish colonization, never changed, just as San Diego, the fictional town, had not changed since Ibarra had last been there.





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